『壹』 企业融资问题，抱歉是英文的，会追加分数，求解，谢谢！！
Question 1：
300,000 *(1 + 0.07）^X =600,000
X =log2(1.07)
X =10.24477
Question 2:
300,000 *(1 + 0.07）^3= 367,512.9
increased rate y=(367,512.9-300,000)/300,000=22.5%
so 22.5%<30%
Question 3:
不太理解两个block的意思。
大概应该要去查一下美国去年一年期的国债收益率和存款利率，用它做为基准收益率，然后将300,000乘以该利率得到一个金额，然后与6500刀比谁大就取谁。
『贰』 如何如何与银行融资
先得保证你的征信没问题，没有进黑名单，然后拿出你的家当给银行看，房产，个人帐号流水，车辆等。或者找其他的做担保。如果有货物的话可以拿来宇商融资抵押做6个月的短期贷款。利息非常低。
具体请参考如下融资链接：
http://wenku..com/link?url=R8rqqjxicL-dpFibK-eCZt21IqGkhE0OYzxCFuo_-1ZBJTEXGwSMUVLBd8N41oKGa
『叁』 内部控制与银行融资的关系是怎么说的，或者有没有这方面的文献
这个能用吗?也是文献呢
Interim Measures on Information Disclosure of Commercial Banks
Order No.6 of the People's Bank of China
May 15, 2002
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1 These rules are formulated on the basis of "Law on the People's bank of China of the People's Republic of China" and "Commercial Banking Law of the People's Bank of China", which aim to strengthen market discipline of commercial banks, standardize information disclosure of commercial banks, effectively safeguard legitimate interests of depositors and other stakeholders and promote safe, sound and efficient operation of commercial banks.
Article 2 These rules are to be applied to commercial banks that are established legally within the territory of the People's Republic of China, including domestic commercial banks, wholly foreign funded banks, joint venture banks and branches of foreign banks.
Article 3 Commercial banks should disclose information according to these rules, which are the minimum requirements for commercial banks' information disclosure. While abiding by these rules, commercial banks can disclose more information than what has been required by these rules at their own discretion.
In addition to these rules, listed commercial banks should also conform to relevant information disclosure rules published by regulatory body of the securities instry.
Article 4 Information disclosure of commercial banks should be proceeded consistent with laws and regulations, the uniform domestic accounting rules and relevant rules of the PBC.
Article 5 Commercial banks should disclose information in a standardized fashion, while ensuring authenticity, accuracy, integrity and comparability.
Article 6 Annual financial statements disclosed by commercial banks should be subject to auditing by accounting firms that are certified to be engaged in finance-related auditing.
Article 7 The People's Bank of China is to supervise commercial banks' information disclosure according to relevant laws and regulations.
Chapter II Information to be Disclosed
Article 8 Commercial banks should disclose financial statements, and information on risk management, corporate governance and big events of the year according to these rules.
Article 9 Commercial banks' financial statements should include accounting report, annex and notes to this report and description of financial position.
Article 10 Accounting report disclosed by commercial banks should include balance sheet, statement of income (profit and loss account), statement of owner's equity and other additional charts.
Article 11 Commercial banks should indicate inconsistence between the basis of preparation and the basic preconditions of accounting in their notes to the accounting report.
Article 12 Commercial banks should explain in their notes to the accounting report the important policy of accounting and accounting estimates, including: Accounting standards, accounting year, reporting currency, accounting basis and valuation principles; Type and scope of loans; Accounting rules for investment; Scope and method of provisions against asset losses; Principle and method of income recognition; Valuation method for financial derivatives; Conversion method for foreign currency business and accounting report; Preparation method for consolidated accounting report; Valuation and depreciation method for fixed assets; Valuation method and amortization policy for intangible assets; Amortization policy for long-term deferred expenses; Accounting practice for income tax.
Article 13 Commercial banks should indicate in their notes to the accounting report crucial changes of accounting policy and estimates, contingent items and post-balance sheet items, transfer and sale of important assets.
Article 14 Commercial banks should indicate in their annex and notes to the accounting report the total volume of related party transactions and major related party transactions. Major related party transactions refer to those with trading volume exceeding 30 million yuan or 1% of total net assets of the commercial bank.
Article 15 Commercial banks should indicate in their notes to the accounting report detailed breakdown of key categories in the accounting report, including:
(1) Due from banks by the breakdown of domestic and overseas markets.
(2) Interbank lending by the breakdown of domestic and overseas markets.
(3) Outstanding balance of loans at the beginning and the end of the accounting year by the breakdown of credibility loans, committed loans, collateralized loans and pledged loans.
(4) Non-performing loans at the beginning and end of the accounting year resulted from the risk-based loan classification.
(5) Provisions for loan losses at the beginning and the end of the accounting year, new provisions, returned provisions and write-offs in the accounting year. General provisions, specific provisions and special provisions should be disclosed separately.
(6) Outstanding balance and changes of interest receivables.
(7) Investment at the beginning and the end of the accounting year by instruments.
(8) Interbank borrowing in domestic and overseas markets.
(9) Calculation, outstanding balance and changes of interest payables.
(10) Year-end outstanding balance and other details of off-balance sheet categories, including bank acceptance bills, external guarantees, letters of guarantee for financing purposes, letters of guarantee for non-financing purposes, loan commitments, letters of credit (spot), letters of credit (forward), financial futures, financial options, etc.
(11) Other key categories.
Article 16 Commercial banks should disclose in their notes to the accounting report status of capital adequacy, including total value of risk assets, amount and structure of net capital, core capital adequacy ratio and capital adequacy ratio.
Article 17 Commercial banks should disclose auditing report provided by the appointed accounting firms.
Article 18 Description of financial position should cover the general performance of the bank, generation and distribution of profit and other events that have substantial impact on financial position and performance of the bank.
Article 19 Commercial banks should disclose following risks and risk management details:
(1) Credit risk. Commercial banks should disclose status of credit risk management, credit exposure, credit quality and earnings, including business operations that generate credit risks, policy of credit risk management and control, organizational structure and division of labor in credit risk management, procere and methods of classification of asset risks, distribution and concentration of credit risks, maturity analysis of over-e loans, restructuring of loans and return of assets.
(2) Liquidity risk. Commercial banks should disclose relevant parameters that can represent their status of liquidity, analyze factors affecting liquidity and indicate their strategy of liquidity management.
(3) Market risk. Commercial banks should disclose risks brought by changes of interest rates and exchange rate on the market, analyzing impacts of such changes on profitability and financial positions of the bank and indicating their strategy of market risk management.
(4) Operation risk. Commercial banks should disclose risks brought by flaws and mistakes of internal proceres, staff and system or by external shocks and indicate the integrity, rationality and effectiveness of their internal control mechanism.
(5) Other risks. Other risks that may bring severe negative impact to the bank.
Article 20 Commercial banks should disclose following information on corporate governance:
(1) Shareholders' meeting ring the year.
(2) Members of the board of directors and its work performance.
(3) Members of the board of supervisors and its work performance.
(4) Members of the senior management and their profiles.
(5) Layout of branches and function departments.
Article 21 Chronicle of events disclosed by commercial banks in the year should at least include the following contents:
(1) Names of the ten biggest shareholders and changes ring the year.
(2) Increase or decrease of registered capital, splitting up and merger.
(3) Other important information that is necessary for the general public to know.
Article 22 Information of foreign bank branches is to be collected and disclosed by the primary reporting branch.
Foreign bank branches don't need to disclose information that is only mandated and required for disclosure by institutions with legal person status.
Foreign bank branches should translate into Chinese and disclose the summary of information disclosed by their head offices.
Article 23 Commercial banks need not disclose information of unimportant categories. However, if the omission or misreporting of certain categories or information may change or affect the assessment or judge of the information users, commercial banks should regarded the categories as key information categories and disclose them.
Chapter III Management of Information Disclosure
Article 24 Commercial banks should prepare in Chinese their annual reports with all the information to be disclosed and publish them within 4 month after the end of each accounting year. If they are not able to disclose such information on time e to special factors, they should apply to the People's Bank of China for delay of disclosure at least 15 days in advance.
Article 25 Commercial banks should submit their annual reports to the People's Bank of China prior to disclosure.
Article 26 Commercial banks should make sure that their shareholders and stakeholders could obtain the annual reports on a timely basis.
Commercial banks should put their annual reports in their major operation venue, so as to ensure such reports are readily available for the general public to read and check. The PBC encourage commercial banks to disclose main contents of their annual reports to the public through media.
Article 27 Boards of directors in commercial banks are responsible for the information disclosure. If there is no board of directors in the bank, the president (head) of the bank should assume such a responsibility.
Boards of directors and presidents (heads) of commercial banks should ensure the authenticity, accuracy and integrity of the disclosed information and take legal responsibility for their commitments.
Article 28 Commercial banks and their involved staff that provide financial statements with false information or concealing important facts should be punished according to the " Rules on Punishment of Financial Irregularities".
Accounting firms and involved staff that provide false auditing report should be punished according to the "Interim Measures on Finance-related Auditing Business by Accounting Firms".
Chapter IV Supplementary Provisions
Article 29 Commercial banks with total assets below RMB 1 billion or with total deposits below RMB 500 million are exempted from the compulsory information disclosure. However, the People's Bank of China encourages such commercial banks to disclose information according to these rules.
Article 30 The People's Bank of China is responsible for the interpretation of these rules.
Article 31 These rules shall enter into force as of the date of promulgation and are to be applied to all commercial banks except city commercial banks.
City commercial banks should adopt these rules graally from January 1, 2003 to January 1, 2006.
中国人民银行令[2002]第6号
2002年5月15日
第一章 总 则
第一条 为加强商业银行的市场约束，规范商业银行的信息披露行为，有效维护存款人和相关利益人的合法权益，促进商业银行安全、稳健、高效运行，依据《中华人民共和国中国人民银行法》、《中华人民共和国商业银行法》等法律法规，制定本办法。
第二条 本办法适用于在中华人民共和国境内依法设立的商业银行，包括中资商业银行、外资独资银行、中外合资银行、外国银行分行。
第三条 商业银行应按照本办法规定披露信息。本办法规定为商业银行信息披露的最低要求。商业银行可在遵守本办法规定基础上自行决定披露更多信息。
上市商业银行除应遵守本办法规定披露信息外，还应遵守证券监督管理机关有关信息披露的规定。
第四条 商业银行披露信息应当遵守法律法规、国家统一的会计制度和中国人民银行的有关规定。
第五条 商业银行应遵循真实性、准确性、完整性和可比性的原则，规范地披露信息。
第六条 商业银行披露的年度财务会计报告须经获准从事金融相关审计业务的会计师事务所审计。
第七条 中国人民银行根据有关法律法规对商业银行的信息披露进行监督。
第二章 信息披露的内容
第八条 商业银行应按照本办法规定披露财务会计报告、各类风险管理状况、公司治理、年度重大事项等信息。
第九条 商业银行财务会计报告由会计报表、会计报表附注和财务情况说明书组成。
第十条 商业银行披露的会计报表应包括资产负债表、利润表（损益表）、所有者权益变动表及其他有关附表。
第十一条 商业银行应在会计报表附注中说明会计报表编制基础不符合会计核算基本前提的情况。
第十二条 商业银行应在会计报表附注中说明本行的重要会计政策和会计估计，包括：会计报表编制所依据的会计准则、会计年度、记账本位币、记账基础和计价原则；贷款的种类和范围；投资核算方法；计提各项资产减值准备的范围和方法；收入确认原则和方法；衍生金融工具的计价方法；外币业务和报表折算方法；合并会计报表的编制方法；固定资产计价和折旧方法；无形资产计价及摊销政策；长期待摊费用的摊销政策；所得税的会计处理方法等。
第十三条 商业银行应在会计报表附注中说明重要会计政策和会计估计的变更；或有事项和资产负债表日后事项；重要资产转让及其出售。
第十四条 商业银行应在会计报表附注中披露关联方交易的总量及重大关联方交易的情况。
重大关联方交易是指交易金额在3000万元以上或占商业银行净资产总额1%以上的关联方交易。
第十五条 商业银行应在会计报表附注中说明会计报表中重要项目的明细资料，包括：
（一） 按存放境内、境外同业披露存放同业款项；
（二） 按拆放境内、境外同业披露拆放同业款项;
（三） 按信用贷款、保证贷款、抵押贷款、质押贷款分别披露贷款的期初数、期末数；
（四） 按贷款风险分类的结果披露不良贷款的期初数、期末数；
（五） 贷款损失准备的期初数、本期计提数、本期转回数、本期核销数、期末数；一般准备、专项准备和特种准备应分别披露；
（六） 应收利息余额及变动情况；
（七） 按种类披露投资的期初数、期末数；
（八） 按境内、境外同业披露同业拆入款项；
（九） 应付利息计提方法、余额及变动情况；
（十） 银行承兑汇票、对外担保、融资保函、非融资保函、贷款承诺、开出即期信用证、开出远期信用证、金融期货、金融期权等表外项目，包括上述项目的年末余额及其他具体情况；
（十一） 其他重要项目。
第十六条 商业银行应在会计报表附注中披露资本充足状况，包括风险资产总额、资本净额的数量和结构、核心资本充足率、资本充足率。
第十七条 商业银行应披露会计师事务所出具的审计报告。
第十八条 财务情况说明书应当对本行经营的基本情况、利润实现和分配情况以及对本行财务状况、经营成果有重大影响的其他事项进行说明。
第十九条 商业银行应披露下列各类风险和风险管理情况：
（一） 信用风险状况。商业银行应披露信用风险管理、信用风险暴露、信贷质量和收益的情况，包括产生信用风险的业务活动、信用风险管理和控制政策、信用风险管理的组织结构和职责划分、资产风险分类的程序和方法、信用风险分布情况、信用风险集中程度、逾期贷款的账龄分析、贷款重组、资产收益率等情况。
（二） 流动性风险状况。商业银行应披露能反映其流动性状况的有关指标，分析影响流动性的因素，说明本行流动性管理策略。
（三） 市场风险状况。商业银行应披露因市场汇率、利率变动而产生的风险，分析汇率、利率的变化对银行盈利能力和财务状况的影响，说明本行的市场风险管理策略。
（四） 操作风险状况。商业银行应披露由于内部程序、人员、系统的不完善或失误，或外部事件造成的风险，并对本行内部控制制度的完整性、合理性和有效性作出说明。
（五） 其他风险状况。其他可能对本行造成严重不利影响的风险因素。
第二十条 商业银行应披露下列公司治理信息：
（一） 年度内召开股东大会情况；
（二） 董事会的构成及其工作情况；
（三） 监事会的构成及其工作情况；
（四） 高级管理层成员构成及其基本情况；
（五） 银行部门与分支机构设置情况。
第二十一条 商业银行披露的本行年度重要事项，至少应包括下列内容：
（一） 最大十名股东名称及报告期内变动情况；
（二） 增加或减少注册资本、分立合并事项；
（三） 其他有必要让公众了解的重要信息。
第二十二条 外国银行分行的信息由主报告行汇总后披露。
外国银行分行无须披露本办法规定的仅适用于法人机构的信息。
外国银行分行应将其总行所披露信息摘要译成中文后披露。
第二十三条 商业银行无须披露非关键性项目。但若遗漏或误报某个项目或信息会改变或影响信息使用者的评估或判断时，商业银行应将该项目视为关键性项目予以披露。
第三章 信息披露的管理
第二十四条 商业银行应将信息披露的内容以中文编制成年度报告，于每个会计年度终了后的四个月内披露。因特殊原因不能按时披露的，应至少提前十五日向中国人民银行申请延迟。
第二十五条 商业银行应将年度报告在公布前报送中国人民银行。
第二十六条 商业银行应确保股东及相关利益人能及时获取年度报告。
商业银行应将年度报告置放在商业银行的主要营业场所，确保公众能方便、及时地查阅。中国人民银行鼓励商业银行通过媒体向公众披露年度报告的主要信息。
第二十七条 商业银行董事会负责本行的信息披露。未设立董事会的，由行长（单位主要负责人）负责。
商业银行的董事会、行长（单位主要负责人）应当保证所披露的信息真实、准确、完整，并就其保证承担相应的法律责任。
第二十八条 对在信息披露中提供虚假的或者隐瞒重要事实的财务会计报告的商业银行及有关责任人员，按照《金融违法行为处罚办法》予以处理。
对出具虚假审计报告的会计师事务所及有关责任人员，按照《会计师事务所从事金融相关审计业务暂行办法》予以处理。
第四章 附 则
第二十九条 资产总额低于10亿元人民币或存款余额低于5亿元人民币的商业银行，可免于披露信息。中国人民银行鼓励此类商业银行按照本办法规定披露信息。
第三十条 本办法由中国人民银行负责解释。
第三十一条 本办法自公布之日起在除城市商业银行以外的商业银行范围内施行。
城市商业银行自2003年1月1日起到2006年1月1日分步施行本办法。
『肆』 用其在岸授信额度对客户进行融资的翻译是：什么意思
用其在岸授信额度对客户进行融资
英文：Use its onshore credit line to finance customers.
『伍』 求翻译一段融资协议，门外人真的看不懂，或者解释一下大致内容，几个专业名词也行，十分感谢！
2.11 Pro Rata Rights Agreement
\Pro Rata Rights Agreement" means a written agreement between the Com-
pany and the Investor (and holders of other SAFEs, as appropriate) giving
the Investor a right to purchase its pro rata share of private placements of
securities by the Company occurring after the Equity Financing, sub-
ject to customary exceptions. Pro rata for purposes of the Pro Rata Rights
Agreement will be calculated based on the ratio of (a) the number of shares
of capital stock of the Company owned by the Investor immediately prior to
the issuance of the securities to (b) the total number of shares of outstand-
ing capital stock of the Company on a fully diluted basis, calculated as of
immediately prior to the issuance of the securities
2.12 SAFE
\SAFE" means an instrument containing a future right to the Company's
capital stock, similar in form and content to this instrument, purchased by
investors for the purpose of funding the Company's business operations.
2.13 SAFE Preferred Stock
\SAFE Preferred Stock" means the shares of a series of the Company's pre-
ferred stock issued to the Investor in an Equity Financing, which will have
the identical rights, privileges, preferences and restrictions as the shares of
Standard Preferred Stock, other than with respect to the per share
liquidation preference, which will equal the SAFE Price or the
Discount Price (as applicable), as well as price-based antidilution protec-
tion and dividend rights, which will be based on such SAFE Price or the
Discount Price (as applicable).
2.14 SAFE Price
\SAFE Price" means the price per share equal to the quotient obtained by
dividing (i) the Valuation Cap by (ii) either (A) the Company Capitalization
as of immediately prior to the Equity Financing or (B) the capitalization of
the Company used to calculate the price per share of the Standard Preferred
Stock, whichever calculation results in a lower price.
2.11专利权利协议
“专业权利协议”是指Com-
pany和投资者（以及其他外管局持有人，酌情）给予
投资者有权购买其按比例分配的私人配售
本公司发行的证券发行在股权融资后，
对于习惯例外。按比例权利的目的按比例
协议将根据（a）股份数量的比例计算
本公司之前由投资者拥有的本公司股本
发行证券（b）股份总数 -
以完全摊薄为基准计算的本公司股本
在发行证券之前
2.12安全
“安全”是指包含本公司未来权利的文书
资本存量，形式和内容类似于本仪器，由
投资者为本公司业务经营提供资金。
2.13安全优先股
“安全优先股”是指本公司的一系列预售股份，
向投资者发行股权融资的股票
股权相同的权利，特权，偏好和限制
标准优先股，除了每股
清算偏好，这将等于国家外汇管理局的价格
折扣价（如适用），以及基于价格的抗血清保护
将根据“国家外汇管理局”或“国家外汇管理局”的规定进行股利分配
折扣价（适用）。
2.14安全价格
\ SAFE价格“是指每股价格等于由此获得的商
（i）估值上限（ii）（A）本公司资本化
直至股权融资之前或（B）资本化
本公司曾计算出每股标准普通股的价格
库存，以较低的价格计算。
『陆』 如何融资创业
公司外部融资方式主要分为债权融资和股权融资。
其中债权融资较为常见，创业者需要向债权人做足够的担保，比如将车子房子抵押给债权人，然后在借款到期时，需要将本金连通利息一起偿还给债权人。这条融资的途径，个人或者创业团队需要承担较大的融资风险，一旦还款不上，有可能面临破产和背负债务。
另外一种是股权融资，也就是经常会听到的PE/VC，公司向上主板、新三板，其重要目的就是为了股权融资。股权融资就目前来看，是大多数创业者选择较多的途径，因为不用背负债务，投资人/投资机构愿意出资支持，且创业者也能在创业过程过接收到投资人较多的项目建议还有人脉资源。但是选择股权融资的创业者，需要让出部分股权给投资人。
『柒』 想请大家帮忙翻译一篇融资性保函（外债保函）信用证，正文如下： 谢谢大家啦！
“借款或融资备用信用证”（FINANCIAL STANDBY LETTER OF CREDIT）
STANDBY L / C NO。
发行日期：
申请人名称和地址
受益人/融资银行名称和地址
ISSUING BANK：（我行分行名称）
发行银行地址：____________________（我行分行地址）
我们在这里发出我们的无抵押的信用证信用证，以您的喜好为限，不超过合计美元（仅限于SAY），超过我们在上述地址上的地址。
此信用可通过与发行银行的付款，通过认证的SWIFT或测试电报对您的需求美国状态：
1）索赔所涉及的L / C的数量和日期
2）您索赔的金额
3）与索赔相关的贷款协议的数量和日期
4）您的索赔金额根据贷款协议，代表您的债权人支付的债务余额（请填写被担保人即借款人的英文名称）。
本待售信用证将对您和收款人之间签署的贷款协议的有效日期产生影响，并且根据您通过认证的SWIFT或测试的电子邮件向美国确认此类协议的日期和参考号码，通知您。
本L / C外部发行银行下的所有费用均为受益人帐户。
不允许多个图纸。
本L / C不是可转让或可转让或可转让。
UPON到期，请将原始L / C退还给我们。但是这个L / C将成为空，并且在到期时无效，无论原始L / C是否返回给我们。
希望采纳!感谢